Visual Design in 500 words

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Colors

Color is a primary and powerful ingredient of visual design.

Designers create a color palette for a user interface (UI) to support the intent of the interaction, and to bring the personality of the brand to the application. There should always be a rational reason for choosing a color and they are mixed according to the principles of color theory . Colors are selected to provide good contrast between text and background for legibility and accessibility, or because they have a semantic meaning.

The color balance is the proportion in which the colors of a palette are used in relation to one another. This sets the overall tone of the UI and creates an inner sense of order.


Typography

Typography defines the font type, size, and style used for text elements in the UI. As text becomes a primary form of navigation  with less focus on graphical elements such as buttons, typography plays a more important role in UI design.


Hierarchy
Designers create hierarchies through different font sizes, colors, and placement on the screen.

Contrast
Contrast provides necessary variety and makes items stand out by emphasizing differences in size, color, direction, and other characteristics.

Layout
Layout grids organize content, ensure consistent placement and alignment, and that elements are correctly proportioned in relation to one another.  A well-designed composition of elements provides a sense of harmony and trust, and creates an illusion of movement to guide the eye.
Space is also an important ingredient. It helps reduce visual noise and create visual hierarchy.

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